Which privacy legislation focuses primarily on the protection of children's online personal data?

The choice that focuses primarily on the protection of children's online personal data is indeed the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA). This legislation is specifically designed to regulate the collection of personal information from children under the age of 13 by websites and online services. It places strict requirements on operators of such online services, mandating that they obtain verifiable consent from parents or guardians before collecting, using, or disclosing personal information from children.

COPPA aims to enhance children's safety online by creating rules that safeguard their personal data, ensuring that they are not exposed to inappropriate or harmful content. It also encourages parents to take a more active role in overseeing their children's online activities.

While other legislative acts like the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), and the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) address privacy concerns, they do so within different contexts. GDPR focuses on the protection of personal data for all individuals within the EU, HIPAA relates to the privacy of health information, and FERPA pertains to the privacy of student education records. Therefore, COPPA is uniquely relevant when considering the protection of children’s online personal data.